EU starts ambitious program to combat unemployment. But apart from achieving its primary goal, the program may have significant indirect effects - lead to reverse thrust of millions of European migrants to their home country. Including in Ukraine.

Shovetsig Varcheg, a German officer of the manufacturer of cars, was in the midst of economic crisis. He is an engineer originally from Hungary hit by a reduction of the work for which a family had left home and moved to Germany. The main source of family income has disappeared, its place remained only the problem of outstanding loans, and fees for renting an apartment. And like Varcheg here thousands.

Unemployment in the EU has grown, as Alice from Zazerkalye, nip off the magic mushroom from the side which makes people giants. Now, the EU leadership convulsively looking for, which side you need to nip off the mushroom, the unemployment rate to return to a safe condition for the society. Hope for salvation Varchegu offers an ambitious EU strategy to combat rising unemployment, adopted last Thursday. Meanwhile, Brussels proposed measures to assist the unemployed may not only help to combat the growing number of non-working citizens, but also to reverse the migratory flow of the entire population of the European Union. But at the same time - to enhance the flow of Ukrainian workers who decided as a result of the crisis back home from Europe.

Go back
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every effort to combat unemployment Brussels bureaucrats drove records. According to the results of April and published in the early summer of the European Commission, the unemployment rate in the 27 EU countries reached 8.6%, which is a maximum in January 2006, in the same area and the euro is set ten-year record - 9,2%. This number of unemployed EU has not seen at least since 1999.

Thus, despite the slowdown in the first glimmers of a recession in Europe, the situation with the availability of jobs here in the future will only worsen. Although in general (thanks to the measures of monetary and fiscal stimulation), the EU economy as early as next year should go to the amendment, the number of jobs it will be reduced until the end of 2010. As a result, sociologists prorochat European, the unemployment rate in the EU will reach 11.5%. In doing so, struck his head on it will cause young people - now out of work were 17% of Europeans to twenty-five (twice the performance of the entire population). And on the nose yet, and new graduates from universities, most of whom also make their contribution to this mirthless statistics.

, in turn, increase the number of unemployed young people, said Vladimir Špidla, EU Commissioner for Employment, social affairs and equal opportunities, can lead to social unrest and even riots. He said he did nebez-well: a major cause of the notorious riots in the suburbs of Paris in 2005, unemployment has become a second generation of French migrants from Arab countries. Then the rage of youth discontent felt the showcases hundreds of the Parisian stores and eight thousand French cars, which were looted or simply burned. The French Government has even been forced to enter a state of emergency. Today the situation where the dramatic, not only in France but also in the whole of the EU.

To prevent a recurrence of the scenario in Paris, the European Commission and adopted a special strategy to fight unemployment. Only in the next two years, the EC intends to send to those needs 19 billion euros. Part of these funds should be spent on training and retraining courses for workers, as well as the creation of jobs and part-time employment. Another portion goes into the pockets of the European population in the form ofunemployment benefits. In addition, 500 million euros will be provided as micro-credit to start their own business unemployed, but the action by Europeans. However, in contrast to the practices of the Third World, where the size of micro-credit is usually not more than $ 50 (and from where, by the way, and grow roots microcredit), the amount of such loans in the EU will reach 25 thousand euro.

In general, this should help Europe, added a the part of the European population, which is expected as a result of the crisis will remain out of work by the end of 2010.

reason to think
Vladimir Špidla

initiative, of course, is good, but - is not without pitfalls. It really helps to solve the problem of disappointing numbers of unemployed, but also in a position to create a new trend in the EU, the opposite is observed for the last few years: it may start a wave of reverse migration of workers across the EU.

reasons to talk about it once the two. The first lies in the provision of planned care. The leaders of European countries have not expressed a particular desire to solve the problem at the European level. They are unobtrusively changed the theme of the event, which was considered a strategy referred to the EU. Held last Thursday, the summit was originally conceived as a large forum on the issue of unemployment. But almost none of the European leaders did not want to publicly engage in a discussion of this issue. As a result of the summit devoted to the subject only a little time. However, a strategy to combat unemployment on Thursday is still accepted. Fortunately, no additional funds for its financing of the EU national governments do not spend it: the first two years of the European Commission will finance a program of their own, agreeing with the countries to return to the co-financing only in 2011. Tools to combat unemployment during this period will come from a previously created by the European Social Fund, the budget for 2007-2013 amounts to 77 billion euros.

, however, distribute the funds among the unemployed, according to press secretary of the EU Commissioner for Employment, social affairs and equal opportunities, Katarina Wong, Shnurben would traditionally shaped through the national authorities in EU member states. This means that priority in providing financial assistance to the authorities will be given, above all, its own citizens. In my view, national governments will spend these funds to help those who are eligible to vote in elections in this country - Grace Annan spoke of the International Research Center for Global Insight. - Especially if those elections - parliamentary or presidential - not far as, say, in Germany. In other words, the German government would help combat unemployment, especially by German citizens, the British - the British, etc. Along with them in those countries employing a huge number of migrants from other European states. And they are subject to a reduction equal footing with citizens of those countries. Thus, in one of Czech Republic in the first quarter of this year without work remained around 12 thousand visitors. But will give these people on unemployment assistance, and how much it means to be designed to help foreigners (including citizens of other EU states), according to Grace Annan, will depend on the decisions of the Government of each country.

Thus, the lost work of labor migrants will be able to apply and financial assistance, and microcredit, and to participate in training in his native country rather than in the reception. Hence, this may make them wonder whether the better to be unemployed in the oblivion of authority developed a foreign country than to be unemployed, but the funded at home. And create a reverse flow of migrants to their homeland. Moreover, to return home they have - and more and more evident - and the second reason: glimmers of hatred, which are increasingly seen in European countries in relation to migrant workers.

Migrants, go home!

dislike of migrant workers spread throughout Europe, without exception. Policy discontent already leak out in the Czech Republic and Hungary, where many people live in Italy. In Britain, a large number of migrants in spring led to strikes at refineries. The issue of surplus labor, particularly in Poland, has been the hottest in the last elections to the European Parliament, even for the traditional tolerance and the Netherlands. And yet in this country the lowest in the EU unemployment rate (3.2% in April). Spain and the Czech Republic and even announced that they are willing to even pay the migrant workers so that they have left home. Prague, for example, is ready to extradite them for 500 euro at the ticket home. For this purpose, the budget was even provided to 2 million euro. Migrants do not like is not without reason - the indigenous people of suspects them that they take their jobs, while on the streets of growing unemployment.

Thus, together these factors can cause a wave of reverse migration across the EU. All the more so that the process is already gone. For example, a British crisis drove half of Poles (constituting a third of all migrant workers in this country). Meanwhile, in Poland, Prime Minister Donald Tusk prior to the crisis, said that one of the priorities of its activities in this post will make the creation of such conditions in the country to work, to 3 million Polish migrants went to other EU countries, was beneficial to go back home. Now, all of Eastern European immigrants will be even greater incentive to return to their homeland.

cover this wave may Ukrainian migrants in wages in European countries. Moreover, unemployment is particularly cruel instrument of the Iberian peninsula in the territory, which is one of the most popular (after Italy) employment of Ukrainian citizens. In Spain, for example, in April the number of unemployed reached its highest level for the EU - 18.1%. The number of Ukrainians who registered here is 76 thousand people.

This basically our compatriots working in those countries which are themselves major contributors of cheap labor for the more affluent European states. Thus, when the emigrants will return to their home province, Ukrainians working in their countries, will be much harder to compete with them in the labor market.

question is, Will the Ukrainian labor migrants to return home like the Europeans: The Government of Ukraine has not been able to teach them the same as in the EU, the incentive to return.

Darius Ryabkov

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